Sunday, December 11, 2022

Leisure by W.H. Davies


The poem presents the problems of the modern life. It depicts how modernity alienated people from simplicity. It has snatched the simplicity from modern people. People need care and comfort. However, they have no leisure to enjoy the leisure. It upholds the importance of nature.

It satirizes on a modern way of living.

It highlights the proximity to the nature.

It stresses on importance of leisure in one’s life.

Modernity gets fused into the body implicitly.

Modernity keeps people separated from nature.

People need to know to celebrate simplicity.

Summary: 

The poem highlights the importance of being close to nature. It begins with inhalation process.  The living life is full of care. It depicts the life being busy mostly with necessities required for the body. They do not have enough time for their mind. They are busy as if they do not have enough time to stand and stare. He further talks about modern time. They even cannot stay beneath the branches as sheep or cow can do.

    The poem talks about the laps in modern society as they lack the time. People have busy schedule. They hardly have time to go through the natural things. They have no time to see the woods though they pass by it. They donot know about the wild life and their action. They cannot see the stars or day light. They are slowly detached from the nature.

    People have no time to turn or observe the beautiful girls. They can not tell how they step while dance. They have no time to see the smile on the face of the girls. The laps have been used metaphor for the poor mentality, poverty in mentality of the modern man who has no any time to go through the natute.

    The poem deals with how simple things touch the human. It deals with the people should manage time to get complete understanding of one’s soul and mind. A peron has to invest the time in simple things. It goes in the line of proximity to nature.

The poem is rich in its literary device. It begins with irony. The use of rhetorical question makes poem more literary. It has alliteration. It has refrain too.

        

 

 

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Wednesday, November 23, 2022

Format of Memo writing

 

What is a memo?

Memorandum, also known as memo, is a very short email or letter sent to inform groups of people or organization about a specific problems and/or solution. It should have an action plan.

Step by step guideline to write a memo.

For official memo writing

In letter head write the memo in the heading of letter head along with logo in left hand side.

Begin with: To; write the recipient names

Form: write the sender name

Date: write the specific date; month date, year

Subject: be specific and do not exceed more than four words in subject line.

Introduction: tell what is memo. It has thesis and key points. It tells propose and expansion of the thesis in key points. It has one to three sentences.

Body or overview: It explains the key points. It goes on more details. It exceeds 3 to 5 sentences or 4 to 10 lines in maximum. While writing body or over view please consider few things. Do not be redundant. You can use bullet points. One key point is needed per paragraph.

Note: A memo sometimes can have summary as well. If a memo is more than a page, it should have summary. It is just like a conclusion.

 At last memo can be ended with seal.

To: include recipient’s name  

From: Include your name and title

Date: Month, day, year

Subject: subject of the memo

Do not use any salutation in memo. It does not need.  

Introductory sentence, with key word, start with a direct and brief introduction that states the reason for writing memo.

Provide concise but detail information to the readers.

End with clear closing and a call to action.

                                                                          

Sample:

To: All staffs  [P1] 

From: company executive  [P2] 

Date September 10th, 2020[P3] 

Subject: Employee Commute Options Survey[P4] 

We are conducting a commuting survey this week among all employees. The purpose of the survey is to discover what methods we currently use to commute and what alternative methods are of most interest[P5] . The survey is required by Department of Environmental Quality’s Employee Commute Options (ECO) rules. These rules are part of the Portland area clean air plan to keep the air clean in light of air pollution associated with continued growth in the region.

ECO requires employers to provide employees with incentives to use alternatives to driving alone to work. The results of the survey will be used by Uniliver pvt. Ltd. to design a transportation program that reflects the needs and desires of Uniliver Pvt. Ltd. employees. We must receive completed surveys back from at least 75 percent of Uniliver Pvt. Ltd. employees to meet the requirements.

The survey will be distributed via e-mail on 11th September, 2020. Please take a couple of minutes to fill out the survey and return in by 13th September, 2020. If you have questions, please talk to Mr. Mithlesh Bhatiya.

We will share the results with you in the employee newsletter when they are completed[P6] .

Thanks for your participation,

Your excusive

 

 


 [P1]Recipient

 [P2]Sender

 [P3]Date line

 [P4]Subject not more than four words

 [P5]Introduction what memo is about

 [P6]End with clear closing and a call to action.

 

Class 11 New course

End with clear closing and a call to action.

 

What is a memo?

Memorandum, also known as memo, is a very short email or letter sent to inform groups of people or organization about a specific problems and/or solution. It should have an action plan.

Step by step guideline to write a memo.

For official memo writing

In letter head write the memo in the heading of letter head along with logo in left hand side.

Begin with: To; write the recipient names

Form: write the sender name

Date: write the specific date; month date, year

Subject: be specific and do not exceed more than four words in subject line.

Introduction: tell what is memo. It has thesis and key points. It tells propose and expansion of the thesis in key points. It has one to three sentences.

Body or overview: It explains the key points. It goes on more details. It exceeds 3 to 5 sentences or 4 to 10 lines in maximum. While writing body or over view please consider few things. Do not be redundant. You can use bullet points. One key point is needed per paragraph.

Note: A memo sometimes can have summary as well. If a memo is more than a page, it should have summary. It is just like a conclusion.

 At last memo can be ended with seal.

To: include recipient’s name  

From: Include your name and title

Date: Month, day, year

Subject: subject of the memo

Do not use any salutation in memo. It does not need.  

Introductory sentence, with key word, start with a direct and brief introduction that states the reason for writing memo.

Provide concise but detail information to the readers.

End with clear closing and a call to action.

                                                                          

Sample:

To: All staffs  [P1] 

From: company executive  [P2] 

Date September 10th, 2020[P3] 

Subject: Employee Commute Options Survey[P4] 

We are conducting a commuting survey this week among all employees. The purpose of the survey is to discover what methods we currently use to commute and what alternative methods are of most interest[P5] . The survey is required by Department of Environmental Quality’s Employee Commute Options (ECO) rules. These rules are part of the Portland area clean air plan to keep the air clean in light of air pollution associated with continued growth in the region.

ECO requires employers to provide employees with incentives to use alternatives to driving alone to work. The results of the survey will be used by Uniliver pvt. Ltd. to design a transportation program that reflects the needs and desires of Uniliver Pvt. Ltd. employees. We must receive completed surveys back from at least 75 percent of Uniliver Pvt. Ltd. employees to meet the requirements.

The survey will be distributed via e-mail on 11th September, 2020. Please take a couple of minutes to fill out the survey and return in by 13th September, 2020. If you have questions, please talk to Mr. Mithlesh Bhatiya.

We will share the results with you in the employee newsletter when they are completed[P6] .

Thanks for your participation,

Your excusive

 

 


 [P1]Recipient

 [P2]Sender

 [P3]Date line

 [P4]Subject not more tha four words

 [P5]Introduction what memo is about

 [P6]End with clear closing and a call to action.

 

Thursday, November 10, 2022

Village Adoption: A Step on Being Socially Responsible By Mohan Parajuli

Format of Report Writing

Report should have the following characters:

·     Brief report specification

·     Relevant analysis of the information.

·     Structuring the ideas in logical and coherent manner.

·     Consistent in instruction of the report.

·     Appropriate conclusion.

 

A simple report is supposed to be written having these basic features:

 

1.  Heading: A title that presents contents of the report.

2.  By line: The name the person who has written the report.

3.  Introduction: It is the beginning paragraph that highlights the major topic and provides background information.. It also contains a top view of what’s covered in the report. It may include the ‘5 Ws’ namely, WHAT, WHY, WHEN and WHERE along with WHO.

4.  Body: It describes sequence of the events that occur along with description. It describes the problems, data along with reasons.  It can also be broken into subsections, with subheadings that highlight the further breakdown of a point.

5.  Conclusion: It explains how the data describes data described in the body of the document may be interpreted or what conclusions may be drawn. The conclusion often suggests how to use the data to improve some aspect of the business or recommends additional research

Sample:

Village Adoption: A Step on Being Socially Responsible[P1] 

By Mohan Parajuli[P2] 

On the occasion of the world migration day, Iswor Primary School, Gramthan has taken oath to embrace the village called Khajurbani. It has promised to enhance the educational status the people living here[P3] .

The school has declared its responsibilities for educating the elderly people residing in the village. The selected students along with teacher form a teaching circle to educate the people every day in the evening. The first 3 months motive is to make elderly people to write the alphabets including their signature. Essential reading materials are provided to elderly people. Elderly people are asked to share their opinion and it would be documented. Apart from education, the special care is provided to those people for their sound health. Different talents hunts have been organized which left them overawed.The immense enthusiasm and zeal in the people to learn is the main driving factor[P4] 

A homely environment is being created. The school treats the people of the village as its own students and is unbiased. By adopting a village, the school is making its students sensitive towards education of elderly people. It is committed towards raising elderly people friendly environment.[P5] 

 


 [P1]Heading

 [P2]By line

 [P3]Introduction

 [P4]Body

 [P5]Conclusion


Wednesday, October 19, 2022

Crossing the Bar by Alfred, Lord Tennyson

Crossing the Bar" is a poem by the British Victorian poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson. The poem, written in 1889, is a metaphorical meditation on death, which sees the speaker comparing dying—or a certain way of dying—to gently crossing the sandbar between a coastal area and the wider sea/ocean. In essence, it is a poem that argues that death is in fact a kind of comfort, a point of view based on the speaker's religious faith in the afterlife. Accordingly, the speaker wants to die quietly and gently, without fear, reassured by the knowledge that what comes next is a meeting with God. "Crossing the Bar" was written shortly before Tennyson's own death, and is the poem that Tennyson wanted placed at the end of all future collections and editions of his poetry.

The first stanza begins with the speaker describing the atmosphere. He views the setting sun and evening star in the sky. Someone is calling him. It is clear unmistakable call. In fact it is the call of death. He opines the death is close. His life is drawing to an end as well. The death has been compared with crossing bar. The speaker wants his death to be smooth like calm sea wave. He hopes his death should be silent, smooth and quick making no fuss.\

The poet uses the metaphorical expression exemplifying with river and the sea for his desire to death. The complete cycle of the rain has been expressed with allegorical expression as he will return to the place where he has come from. The second stanza has the continuation of the expression of the first stanza. In the third stanza the speaker again describes the atmosphere to convey his inner feeling. It was sunset where the speaker began the poem, but it is twilight. The sun has already gone down the horizon and dusk is setting. The sound of the evening bell is heard by the speaker. It indicates the approach of night. The twilight has been used to point out his life. His life is about to end. It depicts the miserable state of the speaker.

The speaker hopes for no sadness as he uses ‘sadness of farewell’. It has double meaning: the speaker sadness or sadness of the people. The word when I embark means the state of the death. It means death is not end rather it is a new beginning.

In the final stanza the positive attitude towards death is presented. The speaker has accepted the reality of the life that is death. He will be beyond the boundaries of time and space and will be wash away with the flood of the death.

 

Friday, September 30, 2022

Writing Organized Paragraph

Writing

Well-organized paragraph writing: A well-organized paragraph has heading, introductory sentence supportive details, and concluding sentence. There are four types of paragraphs: narrative, descriptive, expository and persuasive. Narrative paragraphs tell about a scene or event, descriptive paragraphs give vivid descriptions of one subject, expository paragraphs provide information, and persuasive paragraphs

Try to convince the reader

eg:

The Postman

The Postman is familiar figure of postal system[d1] . He renders essential services to a community. In fact, he is an important link between a locality and the outside world. He comes door-to-door in his daily rounds to duties and delivers the things: letters, telegrams parcels etc. He holds a responsible [d2] job. An interview letter or an appointment letter of a person may be cancelled for mis-delivery or late-delivery. He brings happy news to someone and sad news to some other. Thus, he carries mingled feelings of joy and tears. It is a pity that he is still ill-paid though he has a great responsibility of work. However, we must admit that he is good friend of our society[d3] .


 [d1]Topic sentencre of the paragraph

 [d2]Body sentence

 [d3]Concluding sentence

Writing Well-organized paragraph writing: A well-organized paragraph has heading, introductory sentence supportive details, and concluding sentence. There are four types of paragraphs: narrative, descriptive, expository and persuasive. Narrative paragraphs tell about a scene or event, descriptive paragraphs give vivid descriptions of one subject, expository paragraphs provide information, and persuasive paragraphs Try to convince the reader eg: The Postman The Postman is familiar figure of postal system . He renders essential services to a community. In fact, he is an important link between a locality and the outside world. He comes door-to-door in his daily rounds to duties and delivers the things: letters, telegrams parcels etc. He holds a responsible job. An interview letter or an appointment letter of a person may be cancelled for mis-delivery or late-delivery. He brings happy news to someone and sad news to some other. Thus, he carries mingled feelings of joy and tears. It is a pity that he is still ill-paid though he has a great responsibility of work. However, we must admit that he is good friend of our society .

Tuesday, September 27, 2022

рджрд╢ै

рджрд╢ै

рджрд╢ै рд╣िрди्рджुрд╣рд░ुрдХो рдорд╣ाрди рдЪाँрдб рд╣ो। рдпो рд╕рдмैрдХो рдЬрди рдЬिрдм्рд░ोрдоा рдд? рдХिрди рдпो рдорд╣ाрди рдЪाँрдб рд╣ो рдпो। рдпрд╕्рддा рдХрдпौ рдк्рд░рд╢्рдирд╣рд░ु рдЕрдиुрдд्рддрд░िрдд рдЫрди् рдЖрдЬрдХो рдЖрдзुрдиिрдХ рд╕рдоाрдЬрдоा।

рд╕ुрд░ुрд╡ाрдЯ рдЧрд░्рди рдЪाрд╣рди्рдЫु рджрд╢ैрдХो рдХрдеा рдмाрдЯ। рд╣ाрдоी рд╕рдмेрд▓ाрдИ рдеाрд╣ाँ рднрдПрдХै рдмिрд╖рдп рд╣ो। рджрд╢ै рдЖрд╕ुрд░ी рд╢рдХ्рддिрдоाрдеि рджैрд╡िрдХ рд╢рдХ्рддिрдХो рдмिрдЬрдпрдХो рдЧौрд░рд╡рдЧाрдеा рд╣ो।

рдЖрд╢्рд╡िрди рд╢ुрдХ्рд▓ рдк्рд░рддिрдкрджा (рдШрдЯрд╕्рдеाрдкрдиा)рдоा рдЬрдорд░ा рд░ाрдЦी рдирд╡рдоीрд╕рдо्рдо рдирд╡рд░ाрдд्рд░ рд╡िрдзिрд▓े рдк्рд░рдд्рдпेрдХ рджिрди рдлрд░рдХ рджेрд╡ीрд╣рд░ूрдХो рдкूрдЬा рд╣ुрди्рдЫ । рдк्рд░рддिрдкрджा рджेрдЦि рдХ्рд░рдорд╢ःрд╢ैрд▓рдкुрдд्рд░ी,рдм्рд░рд╣्рдордЪाрд░िрдгी

рдЪрди्рдж्рд░рдШрди्рдЯाрдХुрд╖्рдоाрдг्рдбाрд╕्рдХрди्рджрдоाрддाрдХाрдд्рдпाрдпрдиीрдХाрд▓рд░ाрдд्рд░ीрдорд╣ाрдЧौрд░ीрд╕िрдж्рдзिрджाрдд्рд░ी рдЧрд░ी рдирд╡рджुрд░्рдЧाрдХो рдкूрдЬा рдЧрд░्рджै рд╕рдк्рддрд╢рддी (рдЪрдг्рдбी) рдкाрда рдЧрд░ी рдирд╡ рджुрд░्рдЧा рд░ рддृрд╢рдХ्рддी рдорд╣ाрдХाрд▓ी, рдорд╣ाрд▓рдХ्рд╖्рдоी рд░ рдорд╣ाрд╕рд░рд╕्рд╡ोрддिрдХो рд╡िрд╢ेрд╖ рдкूрдЬाрдЖрдЬा рд░ рдЖрд░ाрдзाрдиा рдЧрд░िрди्рдЫ । рд╡िрдЬрдпा рджрд╢рдоी рдХो рджिрди рднрдЧрд╡рддिрд▓े рджाрдирд╡ी рд╢рдХ्рддिрдоाрдеी рд░ рд░ाрдорд▓े рд░ाрд╡рдирдоाрдеी рд╡िрдЬрдп рд╣ाрд╕िрд▓ рдЧрд░ेрдХो рдЙрдкрд▓рдХ्рд╖्рдп рд░ рдЦुрд╕ीрдпाрд▓ीрдоा рдирд╡рджुрд░्рдЧा рднрд╡ाрдиीрдХो рдк्рд░рд╕ाрдж рд╕्рд╡рд░ुрдк рд░ाрддो рдЯिрдХा рд░ рдЬрдорд░ा рд▓рдЧाрдЙрдиे рдЪрд▓рди рдЫ 

 рдпो рдЪाрдбрдХो рдоिрдердХिрдп рдХрдеाрдоा рд╕рдо्рдкुрд░्рдг рджेрд╡рддाрд▓े рд╢ुрдо्рдн рдиिрд╢ुрдо्рднрд▓ाрдИ рдмрдз рдЧрд░्рди рдирд╕рдХे рдкрдЫि рд╢рдХ्рддि рд╕рд░ुрдкा рджेрд╡ीрдХो рдЖрд░рдзाрдиा рдЧрд░ी рдЙрдиै рджेрд╡ीрдХो рд╣ाрддрдмाрдЯ рддि рдЖрд╕ुрд░ी рд╢рдХ्рддिрдХो рдЕрди्рдд्рдп рдЧрд░ेрдХो рдХрдеा рдкाрдЗрди्рдЫ।

рдпрд╕рдХो рддाрдд्рдкрд░्рдп рдХेрдмрд▓ рдЖрд╕ुрд░ी рд╢рдХ्рддीрдоाрдеि рджैрд╡ी рд╢рдХ्рддीрдХो рдмिрдЬрдпрдоाрдд्рд░ рдеिрдПрди। рдпो рдд рд╕рдиाрддрдиी рд╕рдоाрдЬрдоा рдорд╣िрд▓ा рдкुрд░ुрд╖ рд╕рдоाрдирддाрдХो рдмिрд╖ेрд╢рддाрдХो рдкрдиि рдк्рд░ाрдзुрд╡ाрдж рдеिрдпो। рдпрд╕рд▓े рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдкुрд░्рдг рд░ुрдкрдоा рдкृрдд्рд░िрд╕рддाрдд्рдордХ рдирднрдИ рдкृрдд्рд░िрд╕рддाрдд्рдордХाрддा рд░ рдоाрдд्рд░िрд╕рддाрдд्рдордХрддा рдХो рд╕рдоिрд╢्рд░рдг рдеिрдпो рднрдиेрд░ рдЙрдЬाрдЧрд░ рдЧрд░्рди рдЦोрдЬेрдХो рджेрдЦिрди्рдЫ। рдпрд╕рд░ी рд╕рдоाрддाрдоुрдЦि рд╕рдоाрдЬрдХो рдкрд░िрдХрд▓्рдкрдиा рдЧрд░ेрдХो рд╣ुрджा рдмाрд╕्рддрд╡рдоा рдпो рдорд╣ाрди рдЪाрдб рд╣ो।

рдЕрдм рдЬрдорд░ाрдХो рдХुрд░ा рдЧрд░ौ। рдЬрдорд░ा рднрди्рдиाрд▓े рдЙрдоाрд░िрдПрдХो рдЕрди्рдирдХो рдЯुрд╕ा рд╡ा рдкाрд▓ुрд╡ा рд╣ो। рдпрд╕рд░ि рдЬрдорд░ा рдЙрдоाрд░्рджा рдмिрдЬрдХो рдЙрдорд░्рдиे рдХ्рд╖рдорддाрдХो рдкрд░िрдХ्рд╖рдг рд╣ुрди рд╕рдХ्рдЫ। рдЖрдлुрд▓े рднрдг्рдбाрд░рдг рдЧрд░ेрд░ рд░ाрдЦेрдХो рдмिрдЬрдХो рдЙрд░्рдмрд░ рдХ्рд╖рдорддा рдЫ рдХि рдЫैрди рднрдиेрд░ рдд्рддрдд्рдХाрд▓िрди рд╕рдоाрдЬрдоा рдкрд░िрдХ्рд╖рдг рдЧрд░्рдиे рдкрдХृрдпाрдХो рдеाрд▓рдиिрд▓ाрдИ рдзाрд░्рдоिрдХрддाрдоा рдЬोрдбेрд░ рд░ाрдЦिрдПрдХो рд╣ुрди рд╕рдХ्рдЫ।

рдЕрдм рдмрд▓ि рдк्рд░рдеाрд▓ाрдИ рдиिрдпाрд▓ौ। рджрд╢ैрдоा рджिрдЗрдиे рдмрд▓िрд▓ाрдИ рд▓िрдПрд░ рдзेрд░ै рдХрдоेрди्рдЯ рд░ рдЖрд▓ोрдЪрдиा рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдкाрдЗрди्рдЫ। рд╣ुрдирдд рдпрд╕рд▓ाрдИ рд╣िंрд╕ाрдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рдкрдиि рдм्рдпाрдЦ्рдпा рдЧрд░्рдиे рдЧрд░ेрдХो рджेрдЦिрди्рдЫ। рдирд╡рд░ाрдд्рд░िрдХो рдЖрдаौँ рджिрдирдоा рдорд╣ाрдХाрд▓ी -рднрдж्рд░рдХाрд▓ी)рдХो рд╡िрд╢ेрд╖ рдкूрдЬा-рдЖрдЬा рдЧрд░िрди्рдЫ। рджेрд╡ीрднाрдЧрд╡рдд् рдЕрдиुрд╕ाрд░ рдк्рд░ाрдЪीрди рдХाрд▓рдоा рджрдХ्рд╖рдк्рд░рдЬाрдкрддिрдХो рдпрдЬ्рдЮ рдиाрд╢ рдЧрд░्рдиे рдЬ्рдпाрджै рд╢рдХ्рддिрд╢ाрд▓ी рднрдж्рд░рдХाрд▓ी (рдХрд░ोрдбौं рдпोрдиी-рд╢рдХ्рддि)рдХा рд╕ाрде рдЕрд╖्рдЯрдоीрдХा рджिрди рдЙрдд्рдкрди्рди рднрдПрдХो рдкूрдЬा рдЧрд░्рдиे рдЪрд▓рди рдЫ। рдкूрдЬाрдкрд╢्рдЪाрдд् рдпी рджेрд╡ीрд▓ाрдИ рдмोрдХा, рдХुрдЦुрд░ा, рд╣ाँрд╕, рд░ाँрдЧो рдЖрджि рдмрд▓ि рджिрдЗрди्рдЫ।

рдпो рдмрд▓ि рдк्рд░рдеाрд▓े рдоाрдирд╡ рд╕рдн्рдпрддा рдХृрд╖ि рдпुрдЧрдмाрдЯ рдкрд╢ुрдкाрд▓рди рдпुрдЧрдоा рдк्рд░рд╡ेрд╢ рдЧрд░ेрдХो рдХुрд░ाрд▓ाрдИ рдмुрдЭाрдЙрди рдЦोрдЬेрдХो рджेрдЦिрди्рдЫ। рдХिрдирдХि рдмрд▓ि рджिрдиे рджिрди рдкрд╢ु рдмрд▓ि рджिрдиु рднрди्рджा рдкрд╣िрд▓े рдШिрд░ौрд▓ा рд╡ा рдХुрднिрди्рдбोрдХो рдмрд▓ि рджिрдиे рдЧрд░िрди्рдЫ। рдд्рдпрд╕ рдкрд╕्рдЪाрдд рдоाрдд्рд░ рдкрд╢ु рд╡рд▓ि рджिрдЗрди्рдЫ। рддрд╕рд░्рде рдпो рдХेрдмрд▓ рд╣िंрд╕ा рдоाрдд्рд░ рд╣ोрдЗрди।

рдд्рдпрд╕्рддै рджрд╢ैрдоा рд▓рдЧाрдЗрдиे рдЯिрдХाрд▓े рдмिрд░рддाрдХो рд╕рди्рджेрд╢ рджिрди्рдЫ। рд░ाрддो рд░рдЩ्рдЧрдоा рдоुрдЫिрдПрдХो рдЕрдХ्рд╖рддाрд▓े рдЖрд╕ुрд░ि рд╢рдХ्рддि рдоाрдеि рджैрд╡िрдХ рд╢рдХ्рддिрд▓े рдмिрдЬрдп рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рдЧрд░ेрдХो рд╣рд░्рд╖ рдмрдвाрдИрдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा  рд▓िрдиे рдЧрд░िрди्рдЫ। рдоाрдирд╡िрдп рдмिрд░рддाрдХो рдмिрд░ाрд╕рддрдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рд░ाрддो рд░рдЩ्рдЧрдХो рдк्рд░рдпोрдЧ рднрдПрдХो рдкाрдЗрди्рдЫ। рдпрд╕рд▓े рдирд░ाрдо्рд░ो рдЧुрдгрд▓ाрдИ рд░ाрдо्рд░ो рдЧुрдгрд▓े рдкрд░ाрдЬिрдд рдЧрд░्рдиे рд░ рдд्рдпрд╕рд▓ाрдИ рд╕рд╣ृрд░्рд╖ рд╕्рд╡िрдХाрд░िрдПрдХो рд╕्рд╡िрдХाрд░ोрдХ्рддिрдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рдмिрдо्рдмिрдд рдЧрд░ेрдХो рдХुрд░ा рджेрдЦिрди्рдЫ। рджрд╢ैрдХो рдЯिрдХा рдХेрдмрд▓ рдмिрдЬрдпрдХो рдШोрддрдХ рдоाрдд्рд░ рдирднрдЗ рдпो рд╕рдоाрдЬिрдХ рдЬिрдмрдирдХो рдорд╣िрдоा рдЙрдЬाрдЧрд░рдг рдЧрд░्рдиे рдХाрд░्рдпрдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рдкрдиि рд▓िрди рд╕рдХिрди्рдЫ। рдпрд╕ рдЯिрдХा рдЧ्рд░рд╣рдг рдЧрд░्рдирдХो рд▓ाрдЧि рдоाрдирд╡ рдЖрдл्рдиा рдиाрддा рдХुрдЯुрдо्рдмрдХो рдШрд░ рдЬाрдиे рдЧрд░्рдЫрди। рдпрд╕рд▓े рдХुрдиै рди рдХुрдиै рд░ुрдкрдоा рдоाрдирд╡िрдп рд╕рдоाрдЬрдХो рд╕рдоाрдЬिрдХрддा рдмрдвाрдЙрди рдордж्рдзрдд рдЧрд░ेрдХो рджेрдЦिрди्рдЫ। рдпो рдоाрдирд╡िрдп рд╕рдоाрдЬिрдХрддाрдХो рдкुрдирд░्рддाрдЬрдХि рд╣ो। рдпрд╕рд▓े рдЖрдл्рдиा рдиाрддा рд░ рдХुрдЯुрдо्рдмрдХो рдмिрдЪрдоा рднाрд╡рдиा рд╕ाрдЯाрд╕ाрдЯ рдЧрд░्рди рд░ рд╕рдо्рд╡рди्рдзрдХो рд╕рдоाрдЬрд╕्рдпрддा рдХाрдпрдо рдЧрд░्рди рдордж्рдзрдд рдЧрд░ेрдХो рджेрдЦिрди्рдЫ। рд╕ाрдеै рдпрд╕рд▓े рд╕рдоाрдЬिрдХ рдоेрд▓рдоिрд▓ाрдкрдХो рдмрдвोрдд्рддрд░िрдоा рдкрдиि рд╕рдШाрдЙрдЫ। рдЯिрдХा рдЧ्рд░рд╣рдгрдХो рдмेрд▓ाрдоा рджिрдЗрдиे рдЖрд╢िрд╖рдХो рдкрдиि рдмिрд╢ेрд╖ рдЕрд░्рде рджेрдЦिрди्рдЫ।

рдЖрдпुрд░्рдж्рд░ोрдгрд╕ुрддे рд╢्рд░ीрдпं рджрд╢рд░рдеे рд╢рдд्рд░ुрдХ्рд╖рдпं рд░ाрдШрд╡े ।
рдРрд╢्рд╡рд░्рдп рдирд╣ुрд╖े рдЧрддिрд╢्рдЪ рдкрд╡рдиे рдоाрдирдЮ्рдЪ рджुрд░्рдпोрдзрдиे ॥
рд╢ौрд░्рдп рд╢ाрди्рддрдирд╡े рдмрд▓ं рд╣рд▓рдзрд░े рд╕рдд्рдпрдЮ्рдЪ рдХुрди्рддीрд╕ुрддे 
рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рдмिрджुрд░े рднрд╡рддि рднाрд╡рддाрдо рдХिрд░्рддिрд╢्рдЪ рдиाрд░ाрдпрдг ॥

рдЬрдпрди्рддी рдордЩ्рдЧрд▓ा рдХाрд▓ी рднрдж्рд░рдХाрд▓ी рдХрдкाрд▓िрдиी ।
рджुрд░्рдЧा рдХ्рд╖рдоा рд╢िрд╡ा рдзाрдд्рд░ी рд╕्рд╡ाрд╣ा рд╕्рд╡рдзा рдирдоोрд╜рд╕्рддु рддे ॥
рдЬрдпрдд्рд╡ं рджेрд╡ी рдЪाрдоुрдг्рдбे рдЬрдп рднूрддाрд░्рддिрд╣ाрд░िрдгि ।
рдЬрдп рд╕рд░्рд╡рдЧрддे рджेрд╡ि рдХाрд▓рд░ाрдд्рд░ि рдирдоोрд╜рд╕्рддु рддे ॥

рдж्рд░ोрдгрдХो рдЫोрд░ाрдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рдЖрдпु рд╣ोрд╕। рджрд╢рд░рдердХो рдЬрд╕्рддो

 рд╢्рд░ीрд╕рдо्рдкрддी рд╣ोрд╕्। рдЕрдиि рд░ाрдо рдЕрд░्рдеाрдд рд░ाрдШрд╡рдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рд╢рдд्рд░ुрд▓ाрдИ рдкрд░ाрд╕्рдд рдкाрд░्рди рд╕рдХ्рдиे рдХ्рд╖рдорддा рд╣ोрд╕्।рдирд╣ुрд╖рдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рд╕ुрдЦ рдРрд╢्рд╡рд░्рдп рд╣ोрд╕्। рджुрд░्рдпोрдзрдирдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рдоाрди рд╣ोрд╕्। рд╕ुрд░्рдп рдкुрдд्рд░ рдХुрди्рддीрдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рджाрди рдЧрд░्рдиे рдордирд╢ाрдп рд░ рднाрд╡ рд╣ोрд╕्। рд╣рд▓ो рдмोрдХेрд░ рд╣िрдб्рдиे рдмрд▓рд░ाрдордХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рдмрд▓ рд╣ोрд╕्। рдХुрди्рддी рдкुрдд्рд░ рдпुрдзीрд╕्рдаीрд░рдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рд╕рдд्рдпрддा рд╣ोрд╕्। рдЬिрд╡рди рд░ рдоृрдд्рдпुрдХी рдиिрдпрди्рдд्рд░рдХ рдХाрд▓ी рдоाрддा рдЬो рд╕рдордпрдХो рдкрд░िрдзी рдмाрд╣ीрд░ рдЫिрди्, рдЙрдиी рдк्рд░рддि рдирдорди рд░ рдоाрдирд╡ рдЦрдк्рдкрд░рдХो рдоाрд▓ा рд▓рдЧाрдПрдХी рдХрдкाрд▓िрдиी рдк्рд░рддि рд╣ाрд░्рджीрдХ рдирдорди рджुрд░्рдЧрддीрдХो рдиाрд╢ рдЧрд░्рдиे рджुрд░्рдЧा рдк्рд░рддि рдирдорди рдЕрдиि рдПрдХाрдХाрд░ рд░ рд╕рд░्рдмрд╢рдХ्рддिрдоाрди рд╢िрд╡ рдк्рд░рддि рдирдорди । рдХ्рд╖рдоा рдХी рджेрд╡ी рдХ्рд╖рдоा рдк्рд░рддि рдирдорди, рд░ рд╕рдмै рдЬीрд╡рдХी рджाрддी рдзाрддृ рдк्рд░рддि рдирдорди, рд╣рд░ेрдХ рдпрдЬ्рдЮ рд░ рджाрдирдкुрдг्рдп рдХि рджेрд╡ी рд╕्рд╡ाрд╣ा рдк्рд░рддि рдирдорди, рдоाрдирд╡рдХा рд╣рд░ेрдХ рдпрдЬ्рдЮ рджाрдирдкुрдг्рдп рдХि рд╕ंрдХ्рд▓्рдк рджेрд╡ी рд╕्рд╡рдзाрдк्рд░рддिрдирдорди । рд╕рдмैрдЬрдиा рджेрд╡ीрд▓ाрдИ рд╣ाрд░्рджीрдХ рдирдорди। рдпो рдд рдХेрдмрд▓ рд╢ाрдм्рджिрдХ рдЕрд░्рде рд╣ो। рд╡ाрд╕्рддрдмрдоा рдпрд╕рдХो рдЖрд╕рдп рдзेрд░ै рдоाрдеि рд░рд╣ेрдХो рдЫ। рдорд░рдгрд╢िрд▓ рдЬिрд╡рдирдХो рд╡ाрд╕्рддрд╡िрдХрддाрд▓ाрдИ рдЙрдЬाрдЧрд░ рдЧрд░्рджै рдЬिрдмрди рдЪिрд░рдЮ्рдЬрдмि рдмрдиाрдЙрдиे рдХाрд░्рдпрдоा рдЬिрдмрдирд▓ाрдИ рдЕрдЧाрдбि рдмрдвाрдЙрдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рднाрд╡ рдЖрдпुрд░्рдж्рд░ोрдгрд╕ुрддे рд▓े рдмрддाрдЙрди рдЦोрдЬेрдХो рдЫ। рджрд╢рд░рдердХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рд╕рдо्рдкрддि рд╣ोрд╕ рднрдиेрд░ рдХрд░्рддрд╡्рдп рдкाрд░ाрдпрдг рдкुрдд्рд░( рдХिрдирдХि рдЖрдл्рдиा рдкिрддाрдХो рдЖрдЬ्рдЮा рд╕िрд░ोрдкрдг рдЧрд░्рдиे рдкुрдд्рд░ рдиै рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдзрди рднрдиेрд░) рд╕ांрд╕्рдХृрддिрдХ рд╕рдн्рдпрддाрдХो рдзрдирд▓ाрдИ рдмुрдЭाрдЙрди рдЦोрдЬेрдХो рдЫ। рд░ाрдордХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рд╢рдХ्рддिрдХो рдХुрд░ा рдЧрд░ेрд░ рдЖрдл्рдиो рд╕्рдд्рд░ीрдХो рд░рдХ्рд╖ाрд░्рде рд╢рдд्рд░ुрдХो рдкрд░ाрд╕्рдд рдЧрд░्рдиे рд╕рдХ्рдиे рдмрд▓рдмुрддाрдХो рднाрд╡ рдЭрд▓्рдХाрдЙрди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдРрд╢्рд╡рд░्рдп рдирд╣ुрд╖े рдЧрддिрд╢्рдЪ рдкрд╡рдиे рд╢рдм्рджрд▓े рдирд╣ुрд╖рдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рдЧрддि рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рд╣ोрд╕ рднрдиेрд░ рдИрди्рдж्рд░рдХो рдк्рд░рддिрд╕्рдеाрдкрди рдЧрд░ेрд░ рд╕्рд╡рд░्рдЧрдХो рд░ाрдЬрдХाрдЬ рдкрдиि рдЧрд░्рди рд╕рдХिрдпोрд╕ рднрди्рдиे рднाрд╡ рджेрдЦाрдЙрди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдпрд╢ рд░ рдХृрддिрд▓े рд╕्рд╡рдпрдо рднрдЧрд╡ाрдирдХो рдк्рд░рддिрд╕्рдеाрдкрди рдЧрд░ि рдоाрдирд╡рдХो рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рд▓ाрдИ рдЙрдЬाрдЧрд░ рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдоाрдирдЮ्рдЪ рджुрд░्рдпोрдзрдиे рд▓े рджुрд░्рдпोрдзрдирдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рдЖрдл्рдиो рдоाрди рд░ाрдЦ्рди рдЬिрд╡рдирдХो рдЖрд╣ुрддि рджिрди рдкрдиि рдкрдЫि рдирдкрд░िрдпोрд╕ рднрди्рди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдЖрдлु рд╣ाрд░्рди рд╕рдХ्рдЫु рднрди्рдиे рдЬाрди्рджा рдЬाрди्рджै рдкрдиि рдЖрдл्рдиो рд╕ंрдХрд▓्рдкрдХो рд▓ाрдЧि рдпुрдж्рдзрдоा рд╣ोрдоिрдПрд░ рдЬ्рдпाрди рдЖрд╣ुрддि рдЧрд░्рди рд╕рдХ्рдиे рджुрд░्рдпोрдзрдирдХो рдмिрдо्рдм рдк्рд░рдпोрдЧ рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдЫ। рд╢ौрд░्рдп рд╢ाрди्рддрдирд╡े рд╢рдм्рджрд▓े рд╕ुрд░्рдп рдкुрдд्рд░ рдХрд░्рдгрдХो рджाрди рдЧрд░्рдиे рдХ्рд╖рдорддा рд░ рд╣ेрд▓ा рд░ рд╣ेрдп рднрд╡рд▓ाрдИ рдкрдиि рдмेрдмрд╕्рдеा рдЧрд░्рди рд╕рдХ्рдиे рд╢ाрди्рдд рд╕्рд╡рднाрд╡ рджेрдЦाрдЙрджै рдЖрд╡рд╕्рдпрдХрддा рдЕрдирд░ुрдк рдоाрдирд╡рдоा рд╢ाрди्рдд рдЧुрдг рдкрдиि рд╣ुрдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рднाрд╡ рджेрдЦाрдЙрди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдмрд▓ं рд╣рд▓рдзрд░े рд╢рдм्рджрд▓े рдмрд▓рд░ाрдордХो рд╢рдХ्рддिрдХो рдпाрдЪрдиा рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдмрд▓рд░ाрдо рд╢рдХ्рддिрд╢ाрд▓ी рд╣ुрджा рд╣ुрджै рдкрдиि рдорд╣ाрднाрд░рддрдХो рдпुрдж्рдзрдоा рдХрд╕ैрдХो рдкрдХ्рд╖ рдирд▓िрдИ рддрдЯрд╕्рде рдмрд╕ेрдХोрд▓े рдд्рдпрд╕рдХो рдмिрдо्рдмрдоा рдЖрдл्рдиो рдмрд▓рд▓ाрдИ рдкрдХ्рд╖ рдмिрдкрдХ्рд╖рдоा рдирд░ाрдЦि рдЖрд╡рд╕्рдпрдХрддा рдЕрдиुрд╕ाрд░ рддрдЯрд╕्рде рдмрд╕्рдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рднाрд╡рдХो рдм्рдпाрдЦ्рдпा рдЧрд░्рди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рд╣рд▓ोрдХो рдмिрдо्рдмрд▓े рдХृрд╖िрдХो рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рд▓ाрдИ рдЙрдЬाрдЧрд░ рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдЫ। рд╕рдд्рдпрдЮ्рдЪ рдХुрди्рддीрд╕ुрддे рд╢рдм्рджрд▓े рдоाрдирд╡рдоा рд╕рдд्рдп рдмрдЪрди рдмोрд▓्рди рд╕рдХ्рдиे рд╕рд╣ाрд╕ рдЦोрдЬ्рди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рдмिрджुрд░े рднрд╡рддि рднाрд╡рддाрдо рд╢рдм्рджрд▓े рдмिрджुрд░рдХो рдЬрд╕्рддो рдЬ्рдЮाрди рд░ рдд्рдпрд╕рдХो рдк्рд░рдпोрдЧ рдЧрд░िрдпोрд╕ рднрди्рди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдпрд╕рд▓े рдмौрдж्рдзिрдХрддा рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рд╕ंрдпрди्рдд्рд░рдХो рдбрд░рдоा рдирдкрд░ि рд╕рдд्рдп рдмोрд▓्рди рд╕рдХ्рдиे рд▓्рдпाрдХрдд рднрдПрдХो рд╣ोрд╕ рднрди्рдиे рдХाрдордиा рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдмिрджुрд░ рдзिрдд्рд░рд░ाрд╖्рдЯрдХो рдорд╣ाрдорди्рдд्рд░ी рднрдП рдкрдиि рдЙрдирдХो рдЧрд▓्рддिрд▓ाрдИ рд╕рдзै рдХрдЯाрдХ्рд╖ рдЧрд░्рдиे рдкाрдд्рд░рдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рдЙрднिрдПрдХो рд╣ुрджा рдоाрдирд╡рдХो рдмौрдж्рдзिрдХрддा рд╕рд╣ि рд░ рдЧрд▓рдд рдЫुрдЯ्рдпाрдЙрди рд╕рдХ्рдиे рд╣ुрдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рднाрд╡ рдмिрджुрд░ рд╢рдм्рджрдмाрдЯ рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ। рд╕ाрдеै рдирд░ाрдпрдг рднрдЧрд╡ाрдирдХो рдХृрддिрд▓ाрдИ рдоाрдирд╡  рдЬिрдмрдирдоा рдк्рд░ाрдк्рддि рдЧрд░्рди рдЦोрдЬिрдПрдХो рдЫ।

рдЬрдпрди्рддी рдордЩ्рдЧрд▓ा рдХाрд▓ी рднрдж्рд░рдХाрд▓ी рдХрдкाрд▓िрдиी ।
рджुрд░्рдЧा рдХ्рд╖рдоा рд╢िрд╡ा рдзाрдд्рд░ी рд╕्рд╡ाрд╣ा рд╕्рд╡рдзा рдирдоोрд╜рд╕्рддु рддे ॥
рдЬрд╕्рддा рд╡ाрдХ्рдпांрд╕рд▓े рдХेрдмрд▓ рдкुрд░ुрд╖рдХो рдмिрдо्рдм рдоाрдд्рд░ рдирднрдИ рдорд╣िрд▓ाрдХो рдкрдиि рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рд▓ाрдИ рдЙрдЬाрдЧрд░ рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдпрд╕рд▓े рдорд╣िрд▓ा рд░ рдкुрд░ुрд╖рдХो рд▓ैрдЩ्рдЧिрдХ рд╕рдорддाрд▓ाрдИ рдЙрдЬाрдЧрд░ рдЧрд░्рджै рдорд╣िрд▓ा рдкुрд░ुрд╖ рд╕рдоाрди рд░рд╣ेрдХो рд░ рдЬिрдмрди рд▓ैрдЩ्рдЧिрдХ рд╕рд╣рдЕрд╕्рдеिрдд्рд╡рдмाрдЯ рдЪрд▓्рдиे рдХुрд░ा рджेрдЦाрдЗрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдпрд╕рд░ि рджрд╢ैрдоा рджिрдЗрдиे рдЖрд╢िрд╖рд▓े рдЖрджрд░्рд╢ рд╕ाрдордЬрдХो рдкрд░िрдХрд▓्рдкрдиा рдЧрд░िрдПрдХो рдЫ।

рдЕрдм рджрд╢ैрдоा рджिрдЗрдиे рджрдХ्рд╖िрдгाрдХो рдХुрд░ा рдЧрд░ौ। рдпो рдмिрд╖рдп рдкрдиि рдзेрд░ै рдЯिрдк्рдкрдгि рдЧрд░िрдиे рдмिрд╖рдп рднрдПрдХो рдЫ। рдХे рджрд╢ैрдоा рджрдХ्рд╖िрдгा рджिрдиै рдкрд░्рдиे рдмाрдз्рдпрддा рд╣ो рдд? рдмाрд╕्рддрдмрдоा рджрд╢ैрдоा рджрдХ्рд╖िрдгा рджिрдиे рдХुрд░ाрдХो рдХुрдиै рдаुрд▓ो рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ рдЫैрди। рдХे рд╣ाрдоीрд▓ाрдИ рдеाрд╣ा рдЫ?

рдЯिрдХा рд▓рдЧाрдЙрджा рдЦोрд▓िрдПрдХो рдЕрдЮ्рдЬुрд▓ि рдХेрдмрд▓ рдЖрд╢िрд╖рдХो рд▓ाрдЧि рдеाрдкिрдПрдХो рд╣ो। рдмैрджिрдХ рд╕рдиाрддрди рд╕ंрдХाрд░рдоा рдЦाрд▓ि рд╣ाрдд рди рд╣ोрд╕ рднрдиेрд░ рдЦोрд▓िрдПрдХो рд╣ाрддрдоा рд╕рдЧुрди рд╣ाрд▓ि рджिрдиे рдЪрд▓рди рдЫ। рддрд╕рд░्рде рдЙрдХ्рдд рдЦोрд▓िрдПрдХो рд╣ाрддрдоा рд╕рдЧुрди рд╕्рд╡рд░ुрдк рдлुрд▓, рдкाрддि рдпा рдХुрдиै рдлрд▓ рдоाрдд्рд░ рдкрдиि рд░ाрдЦिрджिрди рд╕рдХिрди्рдЫ। рддрд░ рдд्рдпрд╕рд▓ाрдИ рдмिрд╕्рддाрд░ै рдЖрдл्рдиो рд╕рдо्рдкрди्рддाрдХो рд╕ुрдЪрдХрдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рдкैрд╕ा рджिрди рдеाрд▓िрдПрдХो рд╣ो। рддрд╕рд░्рде рджрд╢ैрдХो рдЯिрдХा рд▓рдЧाрдПрд░ рдкैрд╢ा рдиै рджрдХ्рд╖िрдгाрдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рджिрдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рдмाрдз्рдпाрдд्рдордХ рдм्рдпрдмрд╕्рдеा рд╣ोрдЗрди।

рдЕрди्рдд्рдпрдоा рджрд╢ै рдПрдЙрдЯा рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╕рдиाрддрди рдзрд░्рдо рдХो рдмिрд╢ेрд╖ рдЪाрдб рд╣ो। рдпрд╕рд▓े рдоाрдирд╡рдХो рд╕рдо्рдкुрд░्рдг рдЪाрд░рдд्рд░िрдХ рд╡िрдХाрд╕рдХो рдмाрд░ेрдоा рдЖрджрд░्рд╢ рднाрд╡ рдм्рдпрдХ्рдд рдЧрд░ेрдХो рдЫ। рд╣ाрдоीрд▓े рдпрд╕рд▓ाрдИ рдмिрд╢ेрд╖ рдкрд░्рд╡рдХो рд░ुрдкрдоा рдордиाрдЙрдиु рдкрд░्рдЫ।

Literature

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